[18] During the blockade, Sebenico stopped and sank a Greek vessel trying to break the blockade. guns, one 47 mm 44-cal. Training ship duties continued through the early 1910s. The Genova-class was a class of Italian Heavy Cruiser, compromising 2 ships, the Regina Marina Genova, and the Spanish Galicia. Background on Zara Class Cruisers. The class comprised the vessels Zara, Fiume, Gorizia, and Pola, the last of which was completed to a slightly different design. 3D model. Having no use for the vessels, the Italians immediately sold all three to ship breakers. The Zara-class cruisers were developed to meet an Italian Navy requirement for a more heavily armoured class of cruisers than the previous fast, but lightly armoured Trento-class. [2][3], The Schiffbau-Kommission recommended building a ship with heavy armor to protect it from enemy fire, one or two 10-centimeter (3.9 in) guns in the bow, deck-mounted launchers for the Whitehead torpedoes, and towed torpedoes to be used defensively against ramming. The Zara-class was an Italian heavy cruiser design of the Regia Marina from the early 1930s, considered by many to be one of the best cruiser designs of World War II. The ship differed favorably from most contemporary counterparts by her good armor protection and overall well-balanced characteristics, but most of all, by her armament and speed. During World War I, all three vessels were used as guard ships, but none saw action. [5], Pöck rejected all of Andressen's proposals, since none of them incorporated the characteristics specified in the March 1875 meeting. [6], The first two ships of the Zara class—Zara and Spalato—were 62.71 meters (205 ft 9 in) long overall and 55 m (180 ft) long between perpendiculars. (1940) 14x100mm (6x2, 2x1)[4] Sebenico returned to active service in 1893, alternating between sea duty with the training squadron and harbor service as a training ship for engine-room personnel. The Artillerie-Kommission proposed a smaller design with sufficient armor and a high speed but no guns. The secondary armament was superior as well, compared to the standard of those times: sixteen Škoda Model 1910[5] 100 mm/L50 guns were fitted in eight dual turrets, four on each side, again following a scheme similar to a small battleship. To supplement their steam engines, each vessel had an auxiliary sailing barquentine rig with two masts and a sail area of 275.6 m2 (2,967 sq ft). The Zara Class Heavy Cruisers (Zara, Fiume, Gorizia and Pola) were the most armored heavy cruisers built up to that time and even later, very few classes of cruisers equaled or exceeded the Zara in protection. Designed with a sophisticated armament, good survivability, and competitive speed, she was among the most advanced heavy cruisers in service at … Despite the lengthy design process, the ships proved to be failures in service, primarily as a result of their low speed. The commissions were primarily concerned with several fundamental concerns, including whether the ship should be armored or not, whether it would only use the Whitehead torpedoes or it would also carry towed torpedoes, the propulsion system and whether it would include a sailing rig or not, and the speed the ship should be capable of reaching. guns, and one 37 mm gun. [9][11] Between 1898 and 1901, all four ships were re-boilered. [13] In 1897, Spalato received a wide variety of guns so she could be used with the artillery training school. The gun layout was identical, but it adopted the improved, high-caliber 203mm gun of the Zaras. All three ships were seized as war prizes by the victorious Allied powers after the war in 1918, and all three were awarded to Italy in 1920. guns, two 37 mm 23-cal. The design was prepared by Josef von Romako, the Chief Constructor of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, after a lengthy design process throughout the 1870s. Formaban esta clase los buques: Zara… Specifications for Zara class. During the late 1930s, the … Among their numbers were the ships Zara, Fiume, Pola, and Gorizia. Two of the Class, the Zara and Pola, appeared in the alternate history Japanese anime Strike Witches 2 episode "Higher than the Sky". The British battleships quickly sank all three Italian cruisers and two of their escorting destroyers in a one-sided gunfight, the only reaction being the aimless fire of a 40mm AA cannon from the already wrecked Zara. [citation needed] Four ships of the class were completed, Zara, Fiume, Pola and Gorizia, all of which saw extensive service during the war. The others ships were called FIUME, GORIZIA and POLA. #ShipTrivia RM Pola ( Zara-class Heavy Cruiser ) Pola adalah flags... hip dari Zara-class cruisers. [4], On 26 March, Pöck held a meeting to discuss the proposals. Josef von Romako, the Chief Constructor of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, pointed out that such a vessel would have to be very large to allow it to reach high enough speeds for it to be able to use torpedoes effectively. [5] The result was excellent watertight integrity and protection.[9]. guns and four 47 mm 44-cal. Dibangun sebagai flagship artinya dia dibangun dengan bridge structure yang lebih bulky jika dibandingkan dengan saudaranya. [citation needed] Four ships of the class were completed, Zara, Fiume, Pola and Gorizia, all of which saw extensive service during the war. Romako took over the design process in 1878, and prepared the design for Zara, construction of which began on 1 August that year. guns, four 47 mm 44-cal. All rights reserved. Pöck pointed out that the ship should not include heavy guns, and that two 12 cm (4.7 in) guns without armor would be sufficient; the only armor the ship was to have was a curved protective deck. They also created an alternate proposal for a smaller, unarmored ship with just two to four light guns, in the event that their preferred vessel could not reach the desired speed. That's it. [11][15] In 1917, Zara's armament consisted of two 6.6 cm guns, four 47 mm 33-cal. She shared the light construction of her sisters and the improved technology of the Zaras. In addition to the primary armour scheme, there was secondary armour: the upper deck was 20mm, and the flank hull above main belt was 30 mm. Zara — Italian Tier VII cruiser.. During the pre-war period, she was one of the best heavy cruisers in the world. [17], The ships saw no action during the war, owing in large part to the nature of the Adriatic campaign. All three Zara-class ships were protected with a thin 19 mm (0.75 in) armored deck. The main deck was also very thick, 70 mm. Extras such as a high superstructure and torpedo tubes were removed in an effort to save weight, but in the end the ships ended up considerably "overweight" anyway. Sign in to disable ALL ads. The Zara class was a class of three torpedo cruisers built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy in the late 1870s and early 1880s; they were the first large torpedo-armed warships built by Austria-Hungary. gun, and two 37 mm (1.5 in) guns; two of the 9 cm guns were removed to make room. 8 × 8-inch (203-mm) / 53 Model 1929 guns (4x2)[2][3] Despite the heavier armor, the Zara class ships were still respectably fast at 32 knots. Thank you for helping build the largest language community on the internet. Pola (1941) - (actual Zara class … This new cruiser would become the Zara class. The removal of the superstructure made placement of radar difficult, and in the end none of the class would ever carry one. Gorizia survived until she was taken over by the Germans after Italy left the war in 1943. The Zaras shared their main armament with the last of the three Trentos, the Bolzano. Detail and Conversion sets. Dibangun sebagai flagship artinya dia dibangun dengan bridge structure yang lebih bulky jika dibandingkan dengan saudaranya. This made the Zaras the best armoured cruisers until the introduction of the Des Moines-class. Fleet, ahead full! The meeting concluded with the consensus that the new vessel should be built as a purely torpedo-armed vessel, with no armor and no heavy guns. [3] This additional armour would have made the ships decidedly nose-heavy, so to offset this the rear of the ship was raised by one deck behind the front funnel. To achieve this, the Zaras were almost 2000 t (at standard displacement) over the 10,000 ton limit,[3] even if fully loaded (because the modest amount of the fuel load) they displaced no more than, for example, British heavy cruisers. The ships were recreated in detail with CGI animation technology. However, overall anti-aircraft performance was not good, due to the slow tracking process and an inadequate fire control system, although the weapons were acceptable. (as built) 4 × 40mm/39 caliber Vickers-Terni Model 1915 (4x1)[5] AA The changes made to Sebenico during construction were meant to address the problem, but she was unable to reach her design speed either. Through the 1870s, the Marinekommandant (Navy Commander) of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, Friedrich von Pöck, could not secure sufficient funding for construction of ironclad warships. Zara-class heavy cruiser, Zara! A typical Washington design had 76 mm in its armour belt, and less on other areas of the ship. [9] Each ship had a crew of 13 officers and 135 enlisted men. [6] All these guns were reasonably modern, especially at their time, even if not outstanding performers. Trentos had sacrificed armor for speed, allowing them to make high-speed dashes up and down the long Italian coastline, which would otherwise be difficult to defend from Italy's widely separated naval bases. guns in single mounts, along with one 7 cm (2.8 in) 15-cal. [14] Sebenico was similarly modified in 1903; in addition to two 12 cm guns, she acquired one 6.6 cm gun, four 47 mm 33-cal. They argued that an attempt to build what they described as a "universal battle-ship" (i.e., the Schiffbau-Kommission's first proposal) was ill-advised, since torpedoes were still in the developmental phase and a vessel of that type would be expensive and risky, considering the limited budgets of the time. Sortieing! Sebenico was withdrawn from guard duties in 1918 and assigned to the torpedo school. (as built) 16 × 100mm (3.9 in)/47 caliber (8x2) AA In that year, her armour had the only opportunity to display its effectiveness, when this ship was hit by three bombs, launched by American bombers, but the main deck resisted them all and the ship continued to fire against the high-flying bombers. gun, two 15 cm (5.9 in) 26-cal. Cruiser Zara-class, Pola type. Pöck decided that the new vessel should incorporate the twin-screw, 15-knot requirement from the Schiffbau-Kommission proposal. Sep 23, 2019 - Italian heavy cruiser "Fiume" was a Zara class cruiser. The class comprised three ships, Zara, Spalato, and Sebenico; the last vessel was built to a slightly different design, and is sometimes not counted as a member of the class. guns, two 37 mm autocannon, and two 8 mm (0.31 in) machine guns. By the 1890s, they were reactivated for training ship duties, and in 1897 Sebenico took part in an international naval demonstration off Crete, where she sank a Greek blockade runner. Pöck decided to await a report from then-Fregattenkapitän (Frigate Captain) Hermann von Spaun, the naval attache to Britain, who was observing British developments, including the construction of the torpedo gunboat HMS Vesuvius. In the meantime, Spaun made his report on British naval activities, which included the completion of Vesuvius and the introduction of twin-screw propulsion. The class comprised the vessels Zara, Fiume, Gorizia, and Pola, the last of which was completed to a slightly different design. Zara-class heavy cruiser "Zara", weigh anchor! This was particularly important as Italy's battleships were obsolete, and the new cruisers were needed to lead the Italian fleet. The Zara class was a group of four heavy cruisers built for the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) in the late 1920s and the early 1930s. The boilers were ducted into a single funnel located amidships. guns, along with her two bow torpedo tubes. At some point before 1914, she also received a 10 cm (3.9 in) gun. She was 64.91 m (213 ft 0 in) overall and 57.2 m (188 ft) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 8.24 m (27 ft 0 in) and a draft of 4.2 m (13 ft 9 in). On trials, Zara reached a speed of 14.29 knots (26.47 km/h; 16.44 mph) from 1,800 metric horsepower (1,800 ihp), by far the fastest member of the class, though still below her design speed. The Trento and Trieste had a less advanced model, firing a 110 kg to  29,000 m. The downside to the new gun was a greater dispersion of shots and barrel wear than normal. Andressen prepared three more designs, as seen in the table below. Despite arriving after the construction of the Zara class, Bolzano’s structure was nearly identical to the Trento Class cruisers. The ships were a … Romako based his design on the German Zieten, though the German vessel was significantly faster than the Zara class, in part owing to the fact that Zieten had a longer, finer hull and was more lightly built. The Zara class was a class of three torpedo cruisers built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy in the late 1870s and early 1880s; they were the first large torpedo-armed warships built by Austria-Hungary. However, they carried enough armor to resist these weapons, featuring a belt that was 5.9″ thick. Fiume Heavy Cruiser, Zara Class Tauro Model 1:400 201 + Actions Stash. After repairs were effected, she joined the harbor defense at Pola. Several other innovations, such as more powerful boilers improved Bolzano’s design. With these traits together, Bolzano cut through the waves at a top spee… Sebenico received the most radical alteration; her stern was lengthened slightly to allow for finer hull lines, which would improve her hydrodynamic shape, though this too failed to provide a significantly higher speed. Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Italian naval ship classes of World War II, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Zara-class_cruiser?oldid=4443710, Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls. The Zara-class was an Italian heavy cruiser design of the Regia Marina from the early 1930s, considered by many to be one of the best cruiser designs of World War II. The ship would be capable of a speed of at least 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) from a twin-screw propulsion system, and it would not be equipped with a sailing rig. They were too slow to be used as fleet scouts or flotilla leaders, and their gun armament was too weak for them to be able to protect torpedo boats from torpedo-boat destroyers. gun and two 25 mm (0.98 in) Nordenfelt guns. A contemporary investigation determined that it was the result of badly deteriorated chemicals in her torpedo warheads, though the naval historian René Greger reports that a mine was actually to blame. Zara was transferred from Cattaro Bay to Pola in June 1917, but while en route, suffered a serious explosion that caused significant damage to her bow. The launchers would be supplied with six torpedoes each. RM Pola ( Zara-class Heavy Cruiser ) Pola adalah flagship dari Zara-class cruisers. 199x | New tool + Actions Stash. Zara class cruiser (Austria-Hungary), a class of four torpedo cruisers built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy in he late 1870s and early 1880s; all four ships remained in use (though not as cruisers) through the end of World War I; Zara class cruiser (Italy), a class of four heavy cruisers built for the Italian Regia Marina in the 1930s These thicknesses were reasonably good against destroyer and light cruiser weapons (typically between 5 in {127 mm} and 6 in {150 mm}), but insufficient against the 120 kg shells that 203 mm fired, capable of piercing even 150 mm at medium range. Zara class cruiser (Italy) Gorizia painted in camouflage patterns (1942): Class overview; Operators: Regia Marina In commission: 1931-1944: Completed: Zara, Fiume, Pola, Gorizia: General characteristics [8] Zara and Spalato displaced 833 long tons (846 t), while Sebenico was slightly heavier, at 882.6 long tons (896.8 t). Zara was the lead ship of the Zara class, a group of four heavy cruisers built for the Italian Regia Marina in the 1930s. Unable to increase the strength of the ironclad fleet, Pöck turned to less expensive means to defend Austria-Hungary's coastline, including development of naval mines and self-propelled torpedoes. R.N. (1937) 8x37mm/54 caliber Breda[6]. Spalato reached a speed of 12.63 knots (23.39 km/h; 14.53 mph) from 1,370 PS (1,350 ihp), while Sebenico made 12.81 knots (23.72 km/h; 14.74 mph) from 1,598 PS (1,576 ihp). All trademarks are property of their respective owners in the US and other countries. Almost no other cruisers were equipped with two armoured decks and two armoured belts. The class comprised three ships, Zara, Spalato, and Sebenico; the last vessel was built to a slightly different design, and is sometimes not counted as a member of the class. As a result, it was decided to base a new design on the Trento, but with speed sacrificed to improve protection. Sebenico instead had a single bow-mounted torpedo tube in her bow, submerged below the waterline. Setting sail! [12], All three ships received several 47 mm (1.9 in) guns in the mid-1880s; these included a Hotchkiss revolver cannon on their bows and four single-barrel quick-firing guns. The Piaggio P.6bis originally carried was later replaced by M.41s, CANT 25ARs, MF6s, and in 1938, by Ro.43s. Thank you for helping build the largest language community on the internet. All three ships had their propeller shafts lengthened, and their original bronze screws were replaced with larger steel propellers, though this did not improve performance. A suggestion was made to await developments in torpedo technology and to incorporate the weapons into the next ironclad that they could secure funding from Parliament to build. 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